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Optical system with a focal distance of 1m. Refraction defects are measured in diopters (visual insufficiency). Unit of measurement for lens power. It is the reciprocal of the focal length in Meters.

A general term for color vision abnormalities. Heritable dyschromatopsias include red (protan), green (deutan), and blue (tritan) color vision deficits. These deficits may be partial (-omaly) or complete (-opia). Red and green color vision defects are X-linked while loss of the blue receptor (tritanopia) is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion.

A unit of power of a lens, the reciprocal of the focal length of the lens.