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The layer of the eye that contains the photoreceptors which detect light. Light-sensitive membrane at the back of the eye on which object images are formed and which transmits information to the brain. This hypersensitive membrane plays an essential role in the perception of light, colors, details, shape and movement. Light sensitive with photoreceptors in the eye that converts images from the eye’s optical system into electrical impulses that are sent to the brain where the image is formed.

An indication of damage to the visual system which is greater on one side than the other. The presence of a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) means that the pupils constrict less when a light is directed into the affected eye than they do when the same light is directed into the normal (or less affected) eye . The presence of an RAPD usually indicates damage to the retina or optic nerve that results in diminished light impulses being transmitted from the eye to the brain on the affected side.

Characterizes the way a transparent optical material bends or refracts light.